Method for preparing resin size for paper manufacture.



B. KNIFFLER A. OFFEN.

METHOD FOR PREPARING RESIN SIZE FORPAPER IVIANUFACTURE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5, 1914.-

l II 60,@@6 j Patented Nov. 16,'1915.

ad m, I @y ha; M KJ/,

'this tendency of the 'tensiiied 'is rendered less efficient BRUNO KNIFFLER, OF WINCHESTER,

narran srarns rarer-rr ortica.

AND WILLIAM A.' OPPEN, OF STONEHAM,

MASSACHUSETTS.

' METHOD ron PREPARING 'Specification of Letters Patent.'

RESIN SIZE FOR PAPER MANUFACTURE.

' Patented Nov. 16, 191.5.

Application led February 5,1914. Serial No. 816,860.

'o all whom 'it 'm f/.g/ concern.' Be it known that we, BRUNO KNIFFLER and WILLIAM A. OPPEN, both citizens `of the United States, and residents of Vinchester and Stoneham, respectively, in the county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, whose post-office addresses are Stoneham, Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Methods for Preparing Resin Size for Paper Manufacture, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a. specification, like characters on the drawings representing likeparts.

This invention relates to improvements in .y

the ob- A a method for preparing paper size, ject being to 4produce an emulsion from the ordinary resin soap or commercial size, superior to the emulsion which isproduced by the process' and apparatus heretofore in use. 4

Resin size as it is commonly supplied to or prepared by the paper maker consists of ar resin soap having resinate of soda as a base land'containing more or less free or unsaponifiedA resin.

ternary to prepare an emulsion from this resin size by mixing it with water to form a fluid wherein particles of free resin are carried and held suspended. As the process is commonly carried out, however, the emulsion is seldom perfect and the free resin tends to precipitate or separate out and form unsuspended particles. If either the water or the size is not at a sufficiently high temperature when the two are brought together,

resin to separate is in- The separation of the free resin is also foundto take place if the emulsion is Ykept standing unless the latter, either when made or immediately after and before cooling, is greatly diluted so that the mixture as compared with the original emulsion represents a considerable bulk. The free resin thus separated out makes'the emulsion un desirable for use. Even if carefully strained, portions of it inevitably reach the paper and produce imperfections. Furthermore, even if the separated resin is completely strained out from the emulsion, the latter because the imperfect emulsification robs the size of the de- At the mill 'it is cus-l sired amount of f'ree resin, which latter is a most important sizing factor in the size.

We have discovered that by subjecting'the v size to asuitably high temperature and s1- multaneously to a suitably high 'pressure and then, *While so heated and under pressure, freeing itv from these conditions of temperature and pressurey as by discharging it into water, a substantially perfect emulsion is produced with 'the free resin completely in suspension and the resulting emulsion can be kept indelinitely in relatively concentrated form without the appreciable separation ofany of the free resin.' The maintenance ofthe size under high pressure and temperature and the sudden release of that heat and pressure as the size is discharged into the water and the soap goes into solution appears to break up the particles of free resin into still smaller particles Which are more easily held in suspension by the solution. We believe this to be due to the fact that the resin particles in the size become highly charged with energy under the conditions of heat and pressure referred to and that this stored up energy shatters these particles or breaks them up into lesser particles of a much greater' degree of fineness when the conditions of heat and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The drawing shows in partly diagrammatic arrangement one form of apparatus which is adapted to carry into effect our irn'- proved method.

Referring to the drawings and to the embodiment of the Vinvention therein shown, thel apparatus .is provided with a closed 'this be the true explanation or not, a .sub.

concentration considerably greater l tank or other suitable receptacle 1 which is adapted to vreceive agsuitable quantity of resin size 2 'and to maintain the'sameunder a suitable pressure,-such by Wayfof eXa-mple, as one hundred pounds to the Square inch.

v The size may beintroduced into the tank f by gravity, or it may-be. drawn into the' same by suction. For gravityv filling, the tank is provided at its VtopWith a size supply pipe 7 having the valve 8, andV also'with means tovent the top of the-tank to the atmosphere, as for example, the vair vent valve 4t in the pipe 3 which latter is also connected to the top of the tank'. The vent 6 vhaving' been opened and .the valve 8 opened, the size may beV introduced directly through the pipe 7, the tank being preferably about one half filledl with the size, sol as to allow both for the expansion of the size when steam is applied thereto and to leave a steam space at the top of the tank. When the desired quantity of size has been entered into the tank l vthe valves 6 and 8 are both closed. -Any suitable means may bei employed for raising the temperature and pressure ofthe 'si'ze thus confined inthe tank but herein it may be conveniently and effectively l plished by introducing live Steam through 'the bottom 'of the tank.` For thisvpurpose the tank is provided at its vbottom with a lower steam supply. pipe 9 controlled by the 'valve 10 and connected to theI main steam pipe` dthrough the branch pipe11 and the length of time to bring the entire body of size uniformly to the high temperature of thesteam. In this condition, Where it is under the same-conditions of pressure andA temperature as the steam, it is ready to.be emulsified. i

The amount ofsteam pressure required will vary according to the 'proportion-of free resin in the size, a high percentage of free'resin requiring a higher steam pressure than is necessary with a low percentage. The boiler pressure `of one hundred pounds :commonlyobtainable in most mills has been found toanswer the purpose in most cases, but lower pressure may be successfully used particularly With xsize having a small percentage of free resin.` To discharge the heated size from the ."ta'nk 1, any suitable means may be used, but

herein live steam is applied to the top of accom- A Water may bel dispensed-With and the size discharge nozzle '17.

to one partof size.

the tank and the size expelled through the -pipe 9, Which'latter is disconnected from the boilerpressure and connected to ya vivater tank. *Forgthis purpose the pipe 3 is preferably lconnectedto the live steam pipe "1 through .they cut off valve 5. The pipe 11 is also connected between the valve 13 and the y filter 12 with the size delivery pipe-15 under the 'control ofthe valve 16. The delivery pipeleads to a suitable Water tank lwherein it isrprovided with a suitable discharge nozzle 17 preferably of such form that the size when discharged emerges in a. thin or finely divided stream so that itmay comminf gle With thewater almost instantly. The nozzle 17 herein-shown consists of a' spherical-shaped body-'provided with a plurality` Vof thin, transverse slits soI .arranged thatf the size is delivered therefrom in 'a number of radiating streams, each m the form of a thin ribbon.

' f `The tank 14 having been filled ivith Water to apoint above thenozzle 17 ,the water 1s preferably heatedby any suitable means,

such for example asthe steam pipe 19 con- J nected With the main -steam pipe 4 and controlled by the valve 20. The heating of 'the be discharged directly into cold water, particularly Where the amount of free resin is y,

small. Weviind it preferable, however, in

most cases to heat the Water .somewhat before introducing the size.

VVhenboth the Water and thesize have been heated as described, the valve 13 is y closed andthe valves 5 and16 opened, causing steam pressure to be-applied' directlyto the top of the tank and forcing the size out through the bottornpip'e 9, filter 12, branch 'pipe 1-1,l delivery pipe 15 and through the nozzle 17 into the Water of the tank 14. The Y size as it emerges-at the'nozzle in a fine stream is suddenly relieved of the high pres sure and at the same time it strikes the relatively loW temperature Water, resulting in the instant formation of a substantiallyperfeet emulsion. This process is continued l-until all the size has' been dischargedfrom the tank, a condition-Which Will be readily apparent by the blowing out of steam at the The amount of Water' required rproperly tto emulsify a given amount of size will vary f according to the amount of free resin with which the size is charged, and the present invention is not limited to. any particular proportion vof Water employed in diluting the size.

For example, in the lcommon grades of commercial size `containing thirty per cent. or more of free resin ive have found that a good emulsion can be obtained and kept'by-employing about nine parts ofwater That is to say, nine Y parts of Water lmay be introduced into thel tank 14; for every part of size containedin :containing less than thirty per cent. of free resin, the process ina-y be carried out With a considerablylower proportion of Water.

yThe iilter 12 consists of an exterior cylin der or drum containing an interior cylinder or drum 21, the latter having a series of finey perforations 22, there being provided an annular space between the tivo cylinders. The outer cylinder communicates with the pipe 9 and the innei cylinder with the branch pipe 11', so that, as the size passes from the pipe 9 to the pipe 11', it is caused to pass through the cylindrical screen 21, any im-A puritiesor foreign particles Aremaining in the outer cylinder 12. To clean outthe cyl inder 12 from time to time the pipe 9 terminates beyond its connection to the filter in a discharge nozzle 24e controlled by a Valve 23. Byclosing the ralve .10 and opening the valves 13 and 23 from time to time', as may be required, the collected impurities will be discharged from the iilter through the noz zle 2l. The filter may be .omitted if desired',l

although it is preferable to employ it or its equivalent in the case of sizes which have not been heretofore screened. The sizefmay be drawn ott' .from the tank 11 through the pipe either directly for use as required or to a storage tank or tanks.

Should it be required to charge the size tank 1 by suction, the valves 13 and 10 and the air vent G are opeiied,filling the tank with steam and expelling the air. The valves 13 and G are then closed,'the tank allowed to cool and the steam condense, forming a vacuum. receptacle 26 (shown in dotted lines) being filled with size and placed with the nozzle 2t immersed therein, the size may be drawn into the tank through suctionby opening the valve 23.

The described method of preparing the size may be cai ied on in any part of the mill 'or building irrespective of the location of the size tank'with relation to the water tank. thereby avoiding the use of pumping devi( :s nou' quite coniii'ioiily employed, the

emulsion producedbeing of a higher order mtb. a liner grain of susi'iended resin particles and `capable of sizing a greater quantity of paper and .may be stored with greater "wiomy of spare than that heretofore proconliniu the size iii a elf'ised tank or L irliereV it ma; uiaintairrl under i ire and heating the same t ef-ein, We enabied to raise its temperature to a point in excess of 212 Fahrenheit, which has heretofore been. the limiting temperature in heating size preparatory to emulsifying the same.

Vhile for purposes of illustration We have herein described one specific .Way of carrying out our improved method and one specific form of apparatus for putting it into effect, it is to be understood that the pre cise steps and conditions herein referred to and the specific mechanical details disclosed may be Widely deviated from Withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

Claims. v

1. The method of preparing resin size for paper manufacture which consists in simul- .taneously subjecting the size to pressure and to heat in substantial excess of 212O Fahrenheit, thereafter simultaneously loivering the pressure and temperature of the size and discharging the same into a liquid.

2. T he method of preparing resin size for paper ,manufacture which consists uin subjecting the size to pressure and to heat in substantial excessof 2120- vFahrenheit and then discharging the same into water.

. 3. The method-of preparing resin size for paper manufactureyiifhich consists in raising the temperature of the" i i discharging the heated size under lpressure into a body ofavater at a loirer temperature and pressure. Y

4. The method of preparing resin size for paper manufacture which consists inconining the size in a closed vessel, passing steam under pressure through the same, subjecting the same to the action of the steam to raise the temperature and pressure of the size, and discharging the size p from the vessel under pressure into a. body of Water.

5. The'method of preparing resin size for paper manufacture which consists iii confining the size in a closed vessel, passing steam under pressure through the same, sub- ]ecting the same to the action of th'esteain until raised to substantially the temperature Vand pressure of the steam and discharging the size iii aV thin stream from the Vessel under pressure into a body of heated Water.

(3. lhe method. of preparing resin size for .paper manufacture which consists in partly filling a closed Yessei With the size, to leave.

A ze ii'hen con-- vfined 4in a closed vessel toa point in substantialv excess of 212 Fahrenheit, and then ioo the pressure of the steam into the vWater in a iinely divided stream. i 1

7. The method of preparing resin vs ize'for paper manufacture which 'consists inl subjecting the size to heat and pressure in aclosed vessel, .expelling the same from the vessel, filteringit in its passage, ,and -dis-v charging it under pressure into al body of Water in a inely divided stream.

8. The method of preparing resin siz'e for paper manufacture which consists in pass- `ing steam under pressure. through the same Whilethe size is confined in a closed vessel until the size is raised substantially to the temperature and pressure of the steam, and' the size from the vesselA into a liquid.

10. A method 'of' producing Weak solu-V y tions of resin soap containing free resin, which consistsin heating the resin soap containing free resin in a closed'tank and by the application of pressure `foi'cing'., .it throu`gh aperforate screen into'an aqueous medium.

11. A method of producing clear dilute solutions of resin soap containing free resin,

Ainto hot water. Y Vl n 12. A4meth0d of producing dilute Z@om- Whichfconsists in heating a batch of resin i soap and forcingthe entire batch under unir I form pressure through an apertured screen tions of resinlsoa-p' containing. freeresin,

which consists in heating 'the resin vsoap ina closed tank, and ,by means `ofpressure -appliedto the interior of the tank forcing it, into Water through a reduced aperture. l'

13. A method of producing dilute solutions of resin soap containing-.free resin, 1 :which consists in heating "a batch of resin soap, placing same under pressure,.a`nd then forcing the entire batch under uniform pressure through subdivided apertures into hot' Water.

14:.v A method of lproducing dilute solutions of resin soap containing free resi1`1,jl

which consists in heating the resin soap, and l applyingpressure directly to the; resin 'soap above the top level thereof forcing it.

into Water through a reduced aperture.

In testimony whereof, We have signedzf'our presence. r -v names to this specification, in the of two subscribing Witnesses.

BRUNO KNIFFLERL Witnesses y JOHN R. MouiJToN, j THOMAS B. BOOTH.

WILLIAM` A. oPrENQg! 

